Chuck



Patented Nov. 18, 1924e HARRY T. tvrrrn,

orf DAYTON, oI-Iio'.

CHUK.

Apfpncanbn neamaiy 15; 1923i serial Nt: eraser.

Be it lno'vvnj that L; Hanni?" T. IVHrrii;v a'- citizenk of tlie'UnitedStat'e'so America, residing" at Dayton; in ther county of' Montgomery:and* Sta-teef Ohio, have invented# Certain new" and useiiul-lImprovements in Chucks;- ofn vvhiclthe follow-ing isl a*vs'pecilicati'o'nf,- reference' being had therein to the accompanying"drawings".

Theini'fen'tionV relates toy chucks and' more particularly to thattypeadapted for` engagiing'and releasing a tool'during'the 'continuedrotation of the driving spindle. For instance7 sucli chucks;- Whel usedon drill pressesg willx permit of eXchangi-ng drills Withoutstopping'the rotation of the spindle:

the present state of the art, chucks oit the character above des@cribedyhave been formedlin which al collet or bushing forl holding the drillisengageablewith a socket rotating With the' spin'dleand is coupled byautomatically engaging' dogs: Ih'ese dogs in tii'frn are controlledbythe`- rn"o've'lnent of a-'longitud'i'nallyl .ad-j nstable sleeveVsurrounding the sobre; and independently favorable;- thearrangementbeing suchy that suclisleeve may' be grasped by the operator'White the' spindle is*- rotatin-g andmay' be' moved longi# tudinallflyto either release or engage the dogs. f l

Usually the dogs for locking* the? colletv are-formed byI ba-lls'- whichengage apertures in the? Wafllsotth'e socket;vk being ot difam etergreater than the tlickness'of said Walls' solas to projectbeyondthesaine' either out-v wardly or' inwardly; The' collet is' formed withtrecess for engaging eaclr ball1 when' projected! inwardly' andthesleeve' is` formed with; aar annular recess for engaging.. thev ballswhen projected' outwardly; Adjacent to thisannular'VVV recessin thesleeveisan` in-v clined or-l cam portion operating when the' sleeve' ismoved longitudinally of the socket to for'c'ethe balls inward andintoengage'- me'nt with"` thecollet.`

A- deiiect of' the' construct-ion above' de'- scribed isi that the dogsareretained in their' recesses by only asli`f ;-l`1ty tin, which soonTtears away.- Consequently, it (frequently happens that the balls dropout,` rendering the' construction inoperative. My improved constructionis onedesig'ned to overcome' thisv defect a's will be hereinatter'setforth;

In the drawings:

Figure l is a sectionall elevation" of chuck to which my' improvement isapplied ;1

Figures 2 and 3 are enlarged c'liagi-anrmatic views illustrating,respectivelyf in drical recess: B therein and providedv` with a'tapering shank C for engagement with the revolving spindle. D* isA the:collet `longitndi nally" engageablev Witl'r the recessk B and' providedwith a tapering socket E for receiving-t Thecollet D is provided withaf'shallow annular the' shank of the ydrill or other` tool.

groove F and at one' or more points', preferably on diametricallylopposite sidesthereof,

with deeper recesses (r for engaging' the locking dogs I-I. These dogsvare located in apertures extending through the side' vvalls of thesocket member A so that the outer ends of the dogs areengageable With' asleeve I. This sleeve has an annular recess* .l

therein for permitting the' outward move# ment ofthe dogs with aVVconical'- portion K adjacent thereto for forcing the dogs in Ward.Movement of the sleeve I iis limitedy by an annular shoulder L formed"therein.` Which engages with a cooperating annular shoulder M on thesocket member.4

As illustrated in Figures 2 and 3; the dogsv I-I are" spherica'l',engaging recesses in the Wall of the socket and being of greaterdiameter than the thicknessy of said Wallt so asto project inward intothe recesses G. The

balls are-retained from dropping out by finsv N,y but, as shown, thesearel very slight in thickness and of only limited extent. The reason Whya'more'substantiaili bearing is` not possible is that the ball' mustnecessarily projectl a, considerable distance for proper lockingengagement with the collet. Also,.tlie circular cross-section of thecollet andiof the socket `for the same Will render the distance from thecenter of? the ball less in the' aXia-lr plane than in a horizontalplane. Therefore, in this axial plane the iin or shoulder is almostentirely cut away.

l/Vith my improved construction illustrated in Figures 4. and 5, inplace of using a spherical dog, I form the dog with integral segmentalspherical portions of different radii. The inner portion O is of thesmaller radius so as to permit of surrounding the same by a substantialfin or shoulder I formed by counterboring the wall of the socket A. Theouter portion Q of the dog is of a larger radius1 which provides a stopfor forming a shoulder R engaging the fin I. There is also preferably acylindrical portion S centrally between the spherical segmentalportions, which serves as a guide to hold the dog from turning in itsrecess other than about the axis.

Vith the construction as described,` the operation of engaging ordisengaging a tool from the chuck comprises the raising of the sleeve orcollar I and simultaneously inserting the collet D in the socket. The'raising of the sleeve registers the annular recess J with the dogs H sothat the collet will Iforce these dogs outward. TWhen, however, theshallow annular recess F is registered with the dogs and the sleeve ismoved downward, this will force the dogs inward, first into engagementwith said shallow recess and finally into engagement with the deeperrecesses G. The latter will couple the collet and socket againstrotation as well as against longitudinal separation so that the toolwill rotate with the spindle.

With the modified construction shown in Figure 7 in place of forming theouter portion of the dog semi-spherical, it is of conical form, asindicated at T, to engage with the conical portion K of the sleeve.

One advantage of forming the shallow annular recess F is that iteffectually precludes the sticking of the collet in the socket, due toany upsetting of the metal from use. With constructions that haveheretofore been used, it Ifrequently happens that the impact of the ballor dog against the cnd of the locking groove causes an upsetting of themetal, which in turn will hold the collet from being withdrawn from thesocket. Such effect is entirely avoided with my construction.

For detacliably engaging the sleeve I with the socket member A, I haveprovided a ring or collar U engaging the lower end thereof and slidablyfitting the socket meinber. The collar U is detachably locked by meansof a split spring ring V which engages a groove on the inner wall of thesleeve and a rabbet W in the collar U.v The arrangement is such that byfirst slipping the collar U inward beyond its normal position, the splitspring ring V may be inserted and sprung into the groove in the sleeveI, after cylindrical socket member, of a collet for i engaging saidsocket member having an annular groove therein and a deeper recess atone point in said groove forming an annular wall or shoulder below thesurface of the collet, a sleeve or collar surrounding said socket andindependently rotatable thereon, and a dog for coupling said collet tosaid socket located in a recess in the wall of the socket, said dogcomprising an inner semispherical portion for engaging the annular'groove in said collet and the deeper recess therein, a portion adjacentto said semispherical portion, being of greater diameter and forming an.annular shoulder therebetween, and an outer end portion Hush with saidcylindrical socket member when said inner e-nd engages said collet andspaced from said innermost portion by more than the thickness of thewall of said socket, said sleeve having an annular recess for engag-.

ing said outer portion, and a conical portion adjacent to said recessfor forcing the dog inward, the recess in said socket being counterboredto form an annular shoulder for engaging said annular shoulder of thedog.

2. In a chuck, the combination with a socket member, of a colletinsertable therein provided with an annular groove extending completelyaround the circumference thereof and a deeper recess at one point insaid annular groove forming a driving wall or shoulder below the outersurface of said collet, and a dog in said socket lengageable in saiddeeper recess to bear against said driving shoulder.

3. In a chuck, the combination with a socket member having an outwardlyextending annular portion forming a shoulder, of a sleeve longitudinallyslidable upon said socket member formed with a shoulder for engaging theshoulder on said annular portion, a collar arranged between said sleeveand socket member, a spring ring engaging an annular groove in the innerface 0f said sleeve, and a rabbet in the outer face of said collar forreceiving said spring ring.

4. In a chuck, the combination with a socket member, of a colletiiisertable therein provided with a recess forming a driving wall orshoulder below the outer surface of said collet, and a dog in saidsocket eiigageable in said recess. y

5. In a chuck, the combination with a socket member, of a collet forengaging said socket member having an annular groove therein, and adeeper recess at one point in said groove forming a driving wall orshoulder having its upper edge below the surface of said collet, a dogin said socket member engageable in the deeper recess of said annulargroove against said driving shoulder, and means for moving said dog intosaid recess for coupling` said collet and said socket.

6. In a chuck, the combination with a socket member, of a collet forengaging said socket member having an annular groove therein, and adeeper recess at one point in 10 said groove forming a driving Wall orshoulder at the intersection of said recess and said groove, a sleeve orcollar surrolmding said socket and independently rotatable thereon, anda dog for coupling said collet 15 to said socket.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

' HARRY T. WHITE

